Notice: Undefined variable: online in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/important/counter.php on line 221
Notice: Undefined index: for89j7nhoforum394425 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 36
Notice: Undefined offset: 13 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 38
Notice: Undefined offset: 12 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 39
Notice: Undefined offset: 11 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 40
Notice: Undefined offset: 10 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 41
Notice: Undefined offset: 9 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 42
Notice: Undefined offset: 8 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 43
Notice: Undefined offset: 7 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 44
Notice: Undefined offset: 6 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 45
Notice: Undefined offset: 5 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 46
Notice: Undefined offset: 4 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 47
Notice: Undefined offset: 3 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 48
Notice: Undefined offset: 2 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 49
Notice: Undefined offset: 1 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 50
Notice: Undefined variable: archivez in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 127
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 128
Notice: Undefined variable: deviceType in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 138
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type bool in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 325
Notice: Undefined index: for89j7nhoforum394425 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 430
Notice: Undefined offset: 1 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 878
Notice: Undefined offset: 2 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 889
Notice: Undefined variable: noright in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: nocopy in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: stars in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: ghalb in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: snow in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: shabnam in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: feshfeshe in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: target in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: login in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: cbox in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: polls in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: counterc in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: fall in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: sms in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: musicc in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined variable: lox130 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 901
Notice: Undefined index: title in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1184
Notice: Undefined variable: loxcomment in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1203
Notice: Undefined variable: p in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1212
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type bool in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1277
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type bool in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1278
Notice: Undefined variable: ptagsa in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1795
Notice: Undefined variable: ratejs in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1977
Notice: Undefined variable: ratest in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1977
Notice: Undefined variable: shopi in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1977
Notice: Undefined variable: insertshop in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 1977
Notice: Undefined variable: alinkm in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3166
Notice: Undefined variable: alinkf in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3166
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Undefined variable: catz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3282
Notice: Trying to access array offset on value of type bool in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3633
Notice: Undefined variable: pcatnum in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3634
Notice: Undefined variable: patis in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3649
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3672
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3673
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3674
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3682
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3682
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3682
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3682
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3682
Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3699 ابرا در حقوق ایران و انگلیس
چکیده: اصطلاح فقهی و حقوقی ابراء، به مفهوم گذشت اختیاری داین از دین خود، و نیز بررسی ماهیت و اوصاف آن، از دیر باز مورد توجه فقیهان اسلامی بوده و حقوقدانان هم بر ابعاد بحث، غنا و تنوع آن افزودهاند.کار تحقیقی حاضر نیز این مهم را بررسی و با مراجعه به متون فقهی معتبر عامه و خاصه و نقل و نقد آراء و نظرات حقوقدانان ، به ویژه از طریق مطالعه تطبیقی در حقوق سایر كشورها، به صورت مستدل، پیرامون شرایط، طرق اثبات و آثار این عمل حقوقی به بحث پرداخته است.
1. مقدمه: طرح موضوع و تقسیم مطالب ابراءِ كه مصدر و از باب اِفعال است، در لغت عرب، از ریشه بُروء، بَراء و برائت گرفته شده و به معنی خلاص كردن و رهانیدن از عیب و دین به كار رفته است.(1)در اصطلاح حقوقی، مطابق با ماده 289 ق. م: «ابراء عبارت از این است كه داین از حق خود، به اختیار، صرف نظر نماید».بر این تعریف - كه به احتمال زیاد از قانون مدنی فرانسه اقتباس شده(2) ـ ایراداتی چند وارد شده است؛ از جمله اینكه، در آن، به اثر ابراء،یعنی «سقوط دین به اراده طلبكار،» قطع نظر از سبب آن، توجه شده است. بنا بر این، جای آن است كه گفته شود: ابراء ممكن است به شكل ایقاع باشد یا عقد؛ معوّض باشد یا رایگان و ضمن عقد صلح، وصیت و تبدیل تعهد واقع شود یا به طور مستقل؛ در حالی كه، اگر تعریف، به ماهیت و اوصاف عمل حقوقی میپرداخت و به اثر ابراء قناعت نمیكرد، چنین اختلافی واقع نمیشد.وانگهی، آوردن واژه «اختیار» در تعریف ابراء، این احتمال را به وجود میآورد كه وجود رضا، در زمان انشاءِ ابراءِ، از اركان وقوع ابراء است و پیروی از این نظر، نظم در اجرای قواعد را بر هم میزند...
...
فرمت فایل: DOC (ورد 2003) قابل ویرایش تعداد صفحات: 39
Notice: Undefined variable: memberloginsuccess in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3759
Notice: Undefined variable: success in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3765
Notice: Undefined variable: memberloginsuccess in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3765
Notice: Undefined variable: emailmatch in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3796
Notice: Undefined variable: comp in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3804
Notice: Undefined variable: passwordm in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3811
Notice: Undefined variable: passwordlen in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3817
Notice: Undefined variable: duplicate in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3823
Notice: Undefined variable: rscode in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3829
Notice: Undefined variable: deviceType in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/posts/tag.php on line 24
Notice: Undefined index: lxbmobitel8 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/posts/tag.php on line 24
Notice: Undefined index: psotwlg in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/posts/tag.php on line 24
Notice: Undefined index: loxbloguserlog6v5p4j9m8i7j3b2d1s4a0 in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/posts/tag.php on line 24
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php:901) in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/posts/tag.php on line 25
Notice: Undefined index: HTTP_REFERER in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/posts/tag.php on line 28
Notice: Undefined variable: deviceType in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/posts/tag.php on line 31
نویسنده : ziba
تاریخ : 
