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Notice: Undefined variable: pz in /var/customers/webs/loxblog/core.php on line 3699 خارپوستان دریایی
پایان نامه خارپوستان دریایی - رشته زیست شناسی گرایش دریا
این پایان نامه مربوط به رشته زیست شناسی گرایش دریا می باشد . موضوع پایان نامه جانورشناسی دریایی(خارپوستان دریایی)هست.این فایل مناسب برای دانشجویان زیست شناسی گرایش عمومی،جانورشناسی،دریایی می باشد و برای علاقمندان به زیست شناسی نیز مفید میباشد.
چکیده: خارپوستان ، از زیباترین و شگفت انگیزترین موجودات دریایی هستند . بیشتر خانواده های موجودات ساحل دریا اعضای شاخه خارپوستان هستند . این شاخه شامل حدودا 7000 گونه زنده است . نام آنها از وجود خارها یا برجستگی هایی كه از سطح پوست بیرون می آیند ، گرفته شده است .( Brusca & Brusca ) . این جانوران را كه شكل هایی عجیب دارند ، به آسانی می توان از سایر جانوران تشخیص داد .تمام خارپوستان ، تقارن شعاعی دارند و اكثراٌ دارای اسكلت درونی آهكی با خارهایی در خارج می باشند كه در بعضی به صورت ورقه ها و در برخی به شكل استخوانچه های كوچك و پراكنده است . در ساحل یا كف دریاها از خطوط جذر و مد تا عمق 3660 متری زندگی می كنند ، بیشترشان آزادند ولی حركت آهسته و كند دارند . تعدادی نیز میان دریایی هستند . در سطحی كه نور نفوذ می كند (Plagic) ، بعضی از آنها فراوانند ولی هیچ یك كلنی نمی سازند . برخی از لاله وشان همیشه چسبیده اند و بسیاری دیگر در آب شنا می كنند . تعدادی از خارپوستان برای انسان مصرف غذایی دارند و تخم هایشان نیز دربسیاری از پژوهش های آزمایشی بكار می روند . گاهی ستاره های دریایی به پرورشگاه های تجاری صدفهای خوراكی صدمه و خسارت وارد می آورند .
فهرست:
بقیه در ادامه مطلب...
فرمت فایل: DOC (ورد 2003) قابل ویرایش تعداد صفحات: 85
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نویسنده : ziba
تاریخ : 
